What does federalism mean?

• A. A system of government in which power is shared between the national and state governments
• B. A government with no central authority
• C. A unitary state with centralized power
• D. A government run by local municipalities only

Answer: (B)

Federalism is a system in which sovereignty is divided between a national government and state governments, with the Constitution spelling out what each level can do. The national government handles matters of nationwide scope—such as defense, currency, and relations with other countries—while states manage local concerns like schooling and public safety. Some powers are shared, allowing both levels to act in certain areas. This structure helps prevent too much power at a single level and lets policies be tailored to local needs while keeping the country united. It’s not about having no central authority, nor about central power being the only authority, nor about government run only by local municipalities without a national framework.